The technical foundation of cosmetic science is surfactants. In daily life, we are using products known as surfactant to remove grease and dirt from a surface. The most common surfactants are detergents, soap and shampoos. By reducing surface tension , surfactant are able to make oil and water mix. Surface tension of a liquid is a result of internal attractive forces. It is what causes the surface portion of liquid to be attracted to another surface. such as that of another portion of liquid. The compounds of surfactans are both hydrophilic-water loving and lipophilic- oil loving. The oil soluble portion is usually a hydrocarbon such as sodium stearate and lauryl glucoside. The water soluble portion is generally salt groups such as ammonnium lauryl sulfate. (1)
Reference
Why there's antifreeze in your toothphaste by Simon Quellen Field (2008)
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